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Southern American English
Southern American English or Southern U.S. English is a collection of related American English dialects spoken throughout the Southern United States, though increasingly in more rural areas and primarily by white Americans. Commonly in the United States, the dialects are referred together simply as Southern. Other, much more recent ethno-linguistic terms include Southern White Vernacular English and Rural White Southern English.〔Thomas, Erik R. (2007) "Phonological and phonetic characteristics of African American Vernacular English," ''Language and Linguistics Compass'', 1, 450–75. p. 453〕〔(〕
The Southern U.S. dialects, which have largely superseded an older set of dialects originating in the same area, make up the largest accent group in the United States,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Do You Speak American: What Lies Ahead )〕 from the southern extremities of Ohio, Indiana, Maryland, and Delaware, as well as most of West Virginia and Kentucky to the Gulf Coast, and from the southern Atlantic coast extending to most of Texas and Oklahoma, and the far eastern section of New Mexico. Southern U.S. English can be divided into several regional dialects and sub-dialects. African American Vernacular English (AAVE) has common points with the Southern dialects due to the strong historical ties of African Americans to the region.
==Geography==
The dialects collectively known as Southern American English stretch across the south-eastern and south-central United States, but exclude the southernmost areas of Florida and the extreme western and south-western parts of Texas as well as the Rio Grande Valley (Laredo to Brownsville). This linguistic region includes Alabama, Georgia, Tennessee, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Louisiana, and Arkansas, as well as most of Texas, Virginia, Kentucky, Oklahoma, West Virginia, and northern and central Florida. Southern American English dialects can also be found in extreme southern parts of Missouri, Maryland, Delaware, and Illinois.〔(Map from the Telsur Project ). Retrieved 2009-08-03.〕〔(Map from Craig M. Carver (1987), ''American Regional Dialects: A Word Geography'', Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press ). Retrieved 2009-08-03〕
Southern dialects originated in large part from a mix of immigrants from the British Isles, who moved to the South in the 17th and 18th centuries, and the creole or post-creole speech of African slaves. Upheavals such as the Great Depression, the Dust Bowl and World War II caused mass migrations of those and other settlers throughout the United States.
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